ADOPTION OF ORGANIC AGRICULTURE AND AGROECOLOGICAL PRACTICES AMONG SMALLHOLDER FARMERS IN NIGERIA: EVIDENCE ABIA STATE

Abstract

Organic agriculture and agroecology are increasingly recognized as sustainable approaches to improving agricultural productivity, environmental health, and long-term food system sustainability
among smallholder farmers in Nigeria. These practices emphasize the use of natural inputs, ecological
processes, and biodiversity conservation to enhance soil fertility and reduce dependence on synthetic
inputs, while also addressing broader environmental challenges. This study examines the adoption of organic farming practices among smallholder farmers in Abia State, Nigeria. A mixed-method approach was employed, combining primary data collected through structured questionnaires with secondary data sources. Descriptive statistics and the Heckman double hurdle model were used to analyses both the decision to adopt and the intensity of adoption. The results reveal moderate awareness but relatively low adoption of organic practices, particularly for more technical methods. Training, education, farming experience, household size, and age significantly influence adoption decisions, while training, education, age, and experience affect adoption intensity. Key constraints include limited access to credit, high input costs, technical challenges, and poor market information. The study concludes that strengthening institutional support and capacity building is essential to enhance the adoption of organic farming practices and promote sustainable agricultural systems.